DMARDs(Disease modifying Antirheumatic drugs)
There are several different types of DMARDs, including traditional DMARDs, biologics, and small molecule DMARDs. Traditional DMARDs, also known as non-biologic DMARDs, are typically used as a first line of treatment for autoimmune diseases. These medications include drugs like methotrexate, hydroxychloroquine, and sulfasalazine. Traditional DMARDs work by inhibiting the production of certain immune cells or by blocking certain signaling pathways in the immune system, which can help to reduce inflammation.
Biologics are a newer type of DMARD that are produced using biotechnology techniques. These medications are typically used for patients who have not responded well to traditional DMARDs or for those who have severe autoimmune diseases. Biologics work by targeting specific proteins or pathways in the immune system, which can help to reduce inflammation and improve symptoms. Examples of biologics include tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors, such as etanercept and infliximab, and interleukin inhibitors, such as adalimumab and anakinra.
Small molecule DMARDs are a newer class of medications that are similar to traditional DMARDs but are administered in smaller doses. These medications work by targeting specific pathways in the immune system and are typically used for patients who have not responded well to other DMARDs. Examples of small molecule DMARDs include tofacitinib and baricitinib.
DMARDs are typically taken by mouth or injection and may be used in combination with other medications, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or corticosteroids, to manage autoimmune diseases. It is important to follow your healthcare provider's instructions when taking DMARDs and to report any side effects. Common side effects of DMARDs may include nausea, stomach pain, diarrhea, and dizziness.
Overall, DMARDs can be an effective treatment for autoimmune diseases and can help to reduce inflammation and improve symptoms. However, it is important to work closely with your healthcare provider to determine the most appropriate treatment plan for your individual needs.
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