Complications of diabetes mellitus
One common morphological change seen in people with diabetes is the thickening and hardening of blood vessel walls. This can lead to reduced blood flow and oxygen supply to various parts of the body, including the feet, legs, and kidneys. In the feet, this can cause the development of ulcers and infections, which can ultimately lead to amputation. In the kidneys, it can cause scarring and reduced function, leading to kidney failure.
Another morphological change seen in people with diabetes is the growth of extra blood vessels in the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. These blood vessels are fragile and can leak, leading to vision loss and even blindness.
In addition, diabetes can cause changes in the nerves, leading to neuropathy, or damage to the nerves. This can cause numbness, tingling, and pain in the hands, feet, and other parts of the body. It can also cause problems with digestion and bladder control.
Over time, high levels of glucose in the blood can also lead to the development of fatty deposits, or plaque, in the arteries. This can increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular problems.
Overall, the morphological changes associated with diabetes can have serious and potentially life-threatening consequences. It is important for people with diabetes to manage their condition and control their blood sugar levels to prevent these changes from occurring. This can involve lifestyle changes, such as eating a healthy diet and getting regular exercise, as well as taking medications as prescribed by a healthcare provider.
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