Osteomyelitis:Bone Infection
The most common causes of osteomyelitis are bacterial infections, which can enter the bone through open wounds or surgical incisions, or through the bloodstream from an infection elsewhere in the body. People with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS or cancer, are at an increased risk of developing osteomyelitis.
Symptoms of osteomyelitis can vary depending on the location and severity of the infection, but may include:
Pain, swelling, and tenderness in the affected area
Redness and warmth over the infected bone
Fever and chills
Fatigue and general feeling of being unwell
Diagnosis of osteomyelitis is typically made through a combination of a physical examination, imaging tests such as X-rays or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and laboratory tests such as blood cultures and bone biopsies.
Treatment of osteomyelitis usually involves a combination of antibiotics to kill the bacteria, and surgical procedures to remove infected or necrotic (dead) tissue and to promote drainage of the infection. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to stabilize the affected bone and promote healing.
If left untreated, osteomyelitis can lead to serious complications such as sepsis (a life-threatening infection of the bloodstream) and damage to the affected bone, which may require further surgical intervention or even amputation.
Prevention of osteomyelitis involves taking steps to prevent infections and maintaining good overall health, including proper wound care, avoiding contact with infected individuals, and getting vaccinated against certain bacterial infections. It is also important to promptly seek medical attention for any wounds or infections, as early treatment can help prevent the development of osteomyelitis.
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